Organisation Analysis and Design Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Association Analysis and Design - Case Study Example ALCAN Management made noteworthy enhancements regarding collaboration, representative association and improvement of agreeable relations with worker's guilds. In any case, it is obvious from a case made by a support engineer that they were â€Å"treated like shit† that ALCAN was regarding individuals as â€Å"means† as â€Å"categories of status and capacity as opposed to as individuals†. This conduct had the outcome of obliterating the importance of work itself, neglecting to perceive and use appropriately the organization’s most significant asset. Associations, and ALCAN was no special case, have paid the consequences for these mentalities in the different types of laborer opposition, non-attendance and lack of concern. 1.1 Organizational Structure Since Machine Bureaucracies are structures ridden with strife, control frameworks are required to contain it. The amplified divisions of work, even and vertical, the solid departmental separation, the inflexible qualification among line and staff, the persuasive issues emerging from the standard work of the working center saturated the structure with strife. The machine administration is normally found in the develop association, sufficiently huge to have the volume of working work required for redundancy and normalization and mature enough to have had the option to choose the principles it wishes to utilize (Mintzberg, 1997;p120).

Governments On Preventing Air Pollution In Colombo Environmental Sciences Essay

Governments On Preventing Air Pollution In Colombo Environmental Sciences Essay Air contamination is the nearness in the outside air of at least one contaminants, for example, dust, exhaust, gas, fog, scent, smoke, or fume in amounts and of qualities and span, for example, to be damaging to human, plant, or creature life or to property, or to meddle nonsensically with the agreeable happiness regarding life and property. 1. Air is the essential need of each living life form. Air is fundamental to life on earth. All life forms require reasonably unadulterated air, and they can't get by without it. Air is viewed as sheltered when it contains no destructive residue and gases. Air contamination impacts a dangerous atmospheric devation, ozone exhaustion, corrosive downpour and different respiratory sicknesses. 2. The air contamination has intensified in most enormous urban communities in the creating scene. In Sri Lanka, Colombo city is confronting this issue because of the exceptionally expanded vehicle outflow and scarcely any other ecological issues. The high thickness of populace and industrialization is the other most significant natural issues that have drawn the consideration of policymakers, executives, and tree huggers in the ongoing past. Most nations on the planet are attempting to give an answer for air contamination in their nations by reexamining their arrangements, rules and guidelines. Anyway Sri Lanka is as yet not made a decisive move to update the ecological arrangements, rules and guidelines to forestall air Pollution. 3. Colombo is the principle business and business center of Sri Lanka and accordingly, numerous individuals are shown up into the city every day. The focal locale, which involves Fort and Pettah, gives in excess of 100,000 employments and is assessed to have a daytime populace of more than 650,000. The more noteworthy Colombo territory contains in excess of 4 million individuals or 26% of the countrys populace, yet covers just 5.6% of the whole land region. Outside the city, Katunayake Bandaranaike International Airport and the Free Trade Zone further increment traffic clog in Colombo. As the most significant business and authoritative focus, Colombo pulls in the greatest number of vehicles and people. In this manner it is exceptionally powerless against wellbeing risks because of vehicle emanations. 4. Perfect, dry air contains 78.09% nitrogen by volume and 20.94% oxygen. The staying 0.97% is made out of a vaporous blend of carbon dioxide, helium, argon, krypton, nitrous oxide and xenon, just as modest quantities of some other natural and inorganic gases whose sum in the air change with time and spot. Different measures of contaminants persistently enter the environment through both regular and man-made procedures that exist upon the earth. Man as a poison has marked that bit of these substances which communicates with the earth to cause harmfulness, ailment, tasteful trouble, physiological impacts or ecological rot. 5. The human exercises are the essential driver of contamination and as the populace expands, the chaperon contamination issues likewise raise proportionately. The first noteworthy change in quite a while impact of nature accompanied his revelation of fire. Ancient human fabricated a fire in his cavern for cooking, warming and to flexibly light. The issue of air contamination appeared as of now. Targets 5. General Objective. To investigate the obligation of the Government and its specialists towards the diminishing of air contamination in Colombo City and offer suggestions to forestall Air contamination in Colombo City. 6. Explicit Objectives. The particular goals of the exploration are as per the following. a. To analyze the different Air contaminations. b. To analyze the effect of the air contamination. c. To analyze the activities taken by the Government and its specialists to forestall Air Pollution in Colombo City. d. To investigate and propose the proposals for usage dependent on the discoveries of the examination. Part 02 Philosophy Proclamation OF PROBLEM 1. The air contamination in principle urban communities in creating nations is one of the main basic condition issues. The wellbeing effect of the air contamination looks liable to be more noteworthy in the capital of Sri Lanka. In this way the obligation of the administration and its specialists is to secure air and limit the air contamination in the nation. 2. In any case, the activities taken on air security in Colombo are insufficient and not suit the current day setting. In this way, this paper will recognize the impacts of air contamination in Colombo and break down the effect of air contamination in Colombo City. Further this paper will investigate the adequacy of existing lawful cures in forestalling air contamination. Theory 3. Activities taken by the Government and its specialists to forestall air contamination in Colombo City are insufficient. Extent OF THE STUDY 4. This examination will investigate the air contamination in Colombo city and the duty of the Government and its specialists and how air contamination can subvert the objectives of advancement. 5. Moreover, strategies that are essential on monetary premise can convey huge natural advantages. In any case, these approaches are insufficient to guarantee urban air insurance. Consequently the solid open associations and strategies for urban air insurance are extremely fundamental. The strategies adjusted by the Sri Lankan government in the course of recent decades to depend more on improvement. In any case, regular air assurance is a zone which government must maintain a focal job. 6. Look at the impacts of air contamination in Colombo and legitimacy and practicability of the current natural strategies and guidelines in Sri Lanka. Strategy For DATA COLLECTION 7. The essential investigation shows that the Colombo city would be where the air contamination can be seen transcendently. The both essential and auxiliary information will gather with respect to the subject of air contamination in Colombo City from the accessible assets like distributions, books and web sites. 8. The primary conclusive factor is to take a gander at this issue in government and residents points of view. In this manner, the perspectives on government specialists and residents will try to get their desires for the ideal systems and arrangements. Researchers regarding the matter and experts regarding this matter will be met through conversations. A foreordained poll will be appropriated among the chose residents in Colombo city to retain their perspectives. Impediments 9. This exploration study was done inside a quarter of a year of period and with constrained time. Subsequently it was hard to cover all the contamination demonstrated regions in Colombo territory. Thusly the count may be indicated slight distinction if contrast and another exploration. It likewise confronted the trouble of finding certified solutions from the network. Section 03 AIR POLLUTION Air 1. The air encompasses the earth. It is made out of gas atoms held near the earths surface by attractive energy. It comprises of Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (20%), Carbon dioxide (0.03%) and modest quantities of latent gases, for example, argon, neon, and krypton. It additionally comprise changing measures of water. Residue participles called as particulates are likewise comprise with fluctuating sums. 2. The earths current climate comprises of a few layers as Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere. The normal structure of the climate differs little here and there, aside from its dampness substance. The variety of dampness condition is a significant common condition influencing plant development. Air temperature is another significant ecological condition that significantly influences both plant and creature life. Air is in consistent movement and its development is makes wind. 3. A portion of the climatic gases have the ability to retain heat. These are called Green House Gasses. Carbon Dioxide, Water fume and Ozone are three of the normally make green house gasses in the air. Green house gasses are at risk for keeping up the degree of temperature of the earth. On the off chance that the amount of these gasses increments in the environment, at that point extra warmth will be caught and the earths air will get hotter. These gasses have been expanding in the environment as of late in the earth. 4. In the ordinary condition the air contains a layer of ozone in the environment. This layer traps a piece of Ultra violet beams and X-Rays, diminishing the measure of these malicious beams reach to the earth. Be that as it may, the presentation of Chlorofluoro carbon (CFC) in to the environment has been appeared to harm the ozone layer. CFC is compound that have been utilized for a long time in vaporized, cooling and in refrigeration. AIR POLLUTION 5. Air Pollution is the nearness in the environment of at least one remote materials, for example, dust, exhaust, gases, fog or smoke in amounts and in lengths which are destructive to human, plant or creature life or to properties. A gas like CO2 which is a typical component of the climate can in specific conditions, become a poison, when its fixations increment to levels that undermine the prosperity of living things or disturb physical or organic procedures. 6. Air contamination is as old as human progress itself. The principal air contamination occurrence occurred, when early people made fire in inadequately ventilated or put a match to a dry timberland. However, it was the development of ventures after the mechanical upheaval that turned into the biggest motor of air contamination first in Britain, Europe, North America and afterward spread to different spots of the World. 7. Harm to the perfect air has three potential expenses to present and future human government assistance. The Health of Human might be hurt. Additionally the financial efficiency might be diminished. Also, the delight or fulfillment got from an untainted regular air might be lost. Since ruined urban air issue differ across nations and with the phase of industrialization, every nation required to survey its own needs cautiously. Outflows from transport industry and populace development force genuine expenses for wellbeing condition and efficiency in Sri Lanka. AIR POL

Optional subject Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discretionary subject - Research Proposal Example In light of the wide execution of KM approach in a few associations, I turned out to be truly keen on thinking about the effect of KM over the business condition in general (Rasula, Vuksic and Stembersger, â€Å"The Impact of Knowledge Management on Organizational Performance†). From the past explores identifying with the execution of KM in the business associations, I have gotten considerably more fascinated about learning the effect of this specific methodology. In like manner, I obtained a far reaching information from the past inquires about that there lies impressive effect of KM in giving advantages to a specific business association. The idea of KM is on a very basic level depicted as a system which involves an expansive collection of compelling business methodologies just as practices that assists the cutting edge associations with accomplishing their normal business goals and most essentially, to improve their authoritative exhibitions in the drawn out situation. It tends to be expressed in such manner that there lies gigantic effect of KM over the business activities in the contemporary period, as the greater part of the associations have utilized it with the thought process of accomplishing noteworthy advantages. In this comparable setting, one of the central advantages of creating the act of KM inside the business associations is that the training forces a positive effect upon their authoritative exhibitions. Besides, as indicated by past examinations, the act of KM likewise influences the hierarchical outcomes as to organization development and worker alongside item improvement (Rasheed, â€Å"The Impact of Knowledge Management on SME’s†). My significant enthusiasm about detailing the theme is that the marvel underscores upon the effect of KM which underpins the business associations to accomplish huge advantages just as wanted business

About Kurt Vonneguts Slaughterhouse-Five novel - Free Essay Example

Kurt Vonneguts Slaughterhouse-Five novel has an extremely dark, tragic story line. But, in Vonneguts melancholic autobiography, he incorporates a fair amount of irony and black humor into the novel. As a result of including black humor and irony into the story, the novel enables the reader to comprehend the terrors of war and contributing to the anti-war sentiment while simultaneously finding humor in some of the laughable situations in the book. Mainly, Vonnegut included black humor and irony into the novel because he wants the audience to acknowledge the reality that we have to accept things as they are, no matter how awful they may be. Black humor is a comical style of writing that makes light of a subject matter that is normally considered serious or hard to talk about. Kurt Vonnegut uses this writing technique throughout the entire book to contribute to the novels anti-war message to the readers. There are multiple moments where the readers are almost forced to find humor in his words. On one occasion, an exceptionally drunk Billy Pilgrim is searching for the steering wheel of his car: He was in the backseat of his car, which is why he couldnt find the steering wheel (Vonnegut, 60). Drunk driving isnt something people usually joke around about, but Vonnegut finds a little bit of humor in it by making fun of the fact that he was so drunk to the point where he couldnt find his steering wheel. A second instance where Vonnegut uses black humor by comparing humans to machines was when he said: Tralfamadorians, of course, say that every creature and plant in the Universe is a machine. It amuses them that so many Earthl ings are offended by the idea of being machines (197). By comparing humans to machines, their death are basically a malfunction, making their death less mournful or unprincipled, and humanity is basically overlooked. Another moment in the book where Vonnegut compares humans to machines was when Billy was talking about his memories of Dresden and the war: I think of how useless the Dresden part of my memory has been, and yet how tempting Dresden has been to write about, and I am reminded of the famous limerick: There was a young man from Stamboul, Who soliloquized thus to his tool: You took all my wealth And you ruined my health, And now you wont pee, you old fool. (Vonnegut, 3) In this excerpt, a young mans private area is related to a tool, as regular human body parts in the novel simply become part of a machine. The limerick that Billy used references a tool that does not work very well, and will not perform its purpose. Vonnegut uses this specific limerick to manifest the idea of how people just treat soldiers as robots or machinery, therefore the humans become tools of war. The dehumanization of humans through black humor also relates to the moments of the animalization of the soldiers in the novel. The way that Vonnegut describes the prisoners of war makes them basically equated to working animals. The sleeping place of the prisoners in Dresden is satirically named Schlachthof-FÃ ­?nf. Schlachtof actually means slaughterhouse in German. During the war in Dresden, the animals in the slaughterhouse had been killed and eaten and exerted by human beings, mostly soldiers (Vonnegut, 194). And now the slaughterhouse in Dresden was going to serve as a home aw ay from home for one hundred American prisoners of war (Vonnegut, 194). By telling the readers that the slaughterhouse once housed animals, then those animals got eaten by the soldiers, and now the slaughterhouse was going to hold imprisoned humans, it is exemplifying the fact that humans are being dehumanized down to the level of animals in war to be killed and imprisoned. The animalization of human beings shows how war will just treat humans as objects used for work or just something to get rid of or kill, which also adds to the anti-war sentiment of the novel. One more important issue in the novel is the so it goes moments. Vonnegut adds a sci-fi element to the novel by adding these aliens to the novel, called Tralfamadorians. The Tralfamadorians are able to see any moment in time, and they innately know what will happen in the past, present, and future so everyones fate is already known by the Tralfamadorians. Fate is a big part of the novel with Billy and the Tralfamadorians, even at the very beginning of the book, as Vonnegut writes, Ive finished my war book now It begins like this: Listen: Billy Pilgrim has come unstuck in time. It ends like this: Poo-tee-weet? (Vonnegut, 28). Because of that, the novel is already decided before the reader even starts it, producing an idea of fate all throughout the novel. Since Billy is in contact with the Tralfamadorians, he talks about their views on death: When a Tralfamadorian sees a corpse, all he thinks is that the dead person is in bad condition in that particular moment Now when I myself hear that somebody is dead, I simply shrug and say that the Tralfamadorians say about dead people, whiz is So it goes (Vonnegut, 34). The phrase So it goes certainly adds a less depressed feel on death in the novel, adding to the black humor. This small phrase becomes continuous remark in the novel after any death that is brought up. This phrase also becomes satirized in the book, when the death of a person is compared to champagne. The extreme amount of overstating the phrase makes death less emotional to the reader. With Vonnegut incorporating lots of black humor into this novel, it adds some laughable moments to such a dark and depressing story. In addition to the black humor, Kurt Vonnegut also includes some irony into the novel. The main character, Billy Pilgrim, is an isolated person who doesnt have a lot of close friends or family. His father believed in the sink or swim method, and his father actually throws him into the deep end of a pool when he was five years old. From that time on, Billy becomes afraid of a lot of things. At 21 years old, he is drafted to be a soldier in World War Two. Billy becomes a chaplains assistant, which is apparently a figure of fun in the American Army (Vonnegut, 38). So, Billy Pilgrim is basically a mockery of what a real soldier usually is, who is strong and courageous which is very ironic for an anti-war novel. But, In chapter one, Vonnegut mentions that those who are most against the war are those who fight in it. Another example of irony in Slaughterhouse Five is when the four soldiers are walking behind enemy lines after the Battle of the Bulge, and Billy is the least likely to survi ve, but he is the only one who actually survives. Billy Pilgrim also survives the horrible bombing of Dresden, and he was also the only survivor of an airplane crash, which is ironic because he seems like the most unfit man to be a soldier, and the last person that the audience would expect to survive such horrific things. Other random moments of irony in the novel is when Edgar Derby is tried and killed for after stealing a teapot from the rubble in Dresden after the entire city is destroyed, when Billy uses an insignificant Science Fiction book as his guide for life, when Billy isnt able to sleep at night but cannot stay awake at work, and when Billys happiest moment in his entire life is when he sits on a coffin shaped carriage carried by two horses. Then, his happy moment is interjected when he sees the horribly sick horses, and it causes him to cry for the first time ever throughout the entire war. Irony adds a touching aspect to this novel. When Billy is training to be a solder, his father is shot to death while he is hunting. When Billy is in the hospital after being in a plane crash, his wife Valencia speeds to the hospital , and she hits a car, tears off her exhaust, and then dies from carbon monoxide poisoning. After the Dresden bombing, Edgar Derby is tried and killed in Dresden for trying t o steal a teapot. These ironies are all ended by the same small phrase: So it goes. This simple phrase serves as a reason for the readers to find humor at the ironies of Billys life. Kurt Vonnegut utilizes black humor and ironies to reveal the darkness and cruelty of the war, and to make his own commentary on the effects of war, specifically a war he fought in himself, which has a huge impact on him and his mental health. Vonnegut discusses the tough subject of war, and his use of the black humor and irony enables him to talk about such a difficult subject. Vonnegut wants the audience to understand the terrible struggles he went through in the war, while also laughing along with him so the story wont be so melancholic. If the novel was just depressing and simply told the audience a lot of facts about the war, no one would see the bigger picture or take anything good away from the book. But since Vonnegut added in the black humor and irony, the audience can understand the terrors of war, but also find the humor in some of the laughable situations in the book, which makes it a lot more interesting to read. In Kurts Vonneguts melancholic autobiography, Slaughterhouse Five, he incorporates a great amount of irony and black humor into the novel. As a result of including black humor and irony into the story, the novel enables the reader to comprehend the terrors of war and contributing to the anti-war sentiment while simultaneously finding humor in some of the laughable situations that the main character, Billy Pilgrim, encounters in the book. If the novel just simply told the audience multiple facts about the war, no one would see the bigger picture or take anything good away from the book. But since Vonnegut added in the black humor and irony, the audience can understand the terrors of war, but also find the humor in some of the laughable situations in the book, which makes it a lot more interesting to read. Mainly, Vonnegut included black humor and irony into the novel because he wants the audience to acknowledge the reality that we have to accept things as they are, no matter how awful they may be.

Major Persuasive Speech - 1178 Words

Table Number 8 Major Persuasive Speech Luis Salamanca October 30, 2010 Topic Cars Title To Drive or Not to Drive General Purpose To persuade Specific Purpose To explain to my audience the problem of cars that give off too much carbon emissions, and to persuade them to start using more eco-friendly methods of transportation. Organizational Pattern Problem-solution Sub-Goal for Persuasion Adoption Action Step I want the audience to start using eco-friendly transportation methods by using public transportation, walking, or using an alternative vehicle, such as hybrids or electric cars. Main Points I. Driving cars with high carbon emissions is a problem because (A.) it will slowly kill us via the†¦show more content†¦Action (Appeals to emotions) If you care about the future of the planet, I urge you to get an eco-friendly vehicle or to take public transportation. Closure (Appeal to Emotions) Cars aid to the slow killing of Earth. Unless you want the planet to die out because of your vehicle’s daily contribution to carbon emissions, I strongly urge you to get a better car or take public transportation. The children of the children of your children can lie in a better place, where the air is not polluted by carbon emissions from the cars that we drive today. You have the option to clear both your mind and the environment, drive for the best. You can still have the hottest car around and feel good for yourself (Appeal to Self-Esteem). References The basics of global warming. (2009, January 29). Environmental Defense Fund. Retrieved from http://www.edf.org/page.cfm?tagID=35215amp;source=ggadgw35215amp;gclid=CJiP2vmZ_qQCFchA2godJFWohA Carbon dioxide. (2010, March 3) Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/co2.html Jaffe, E. (2010, October 12). Public transportation takes us there. Publictransportaion.org. Retrieved from http://www.publictransportation.org/ Meg, G. 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The Theory Of Corporate Social Responsibility - 7407 Words

Historical background of the development of CSR is almost as important as the ongoing discussion on what CSR is and how and where it should operate. Many scholars argue that these are not interchangeable and need to be assessed in conjunction with each other. For purposes of this paper it is pivotal to look into the past to see what stood behind the broadening of companies’ accountability beyond the standard agency theory (limited liability of shareholders for the company’s violations or breach and the company’s main accountability being towards its shareholders and investors only) to the stakeholder theory (company’s accountability towards a broad range of stakeholders, including employees, environment and local communities). The†¦show more content†¦This at the time was widely opposed by proponents of corporate isolation as a highly irrelevant research topic that went in no parallel or connection with the idea of a corporate veil, charter accountability and the sole purpose of any company to bring profits to its shareholders. This reverts us back to the development of a stakeholder theory that gradually gained its speed in the 1970s . It soon found its implementation in Freeman’s management discipline , who promoted the expansion of firms’ accountability towards a broader range of stakeholders. One of the examples of how attitude towards CSR by multinational corporations has changed was raised by Lee, when he reviewed corporate governance codes and practices of Ford . He used two instances in the history of corporate actions of Ford with an interval of 80 years in between them. Keeping in mind the abovementioned Clark’s remarks on corporate accountability back in 1916, this becomes even more educational, as it shows a dramatic change in shareholders’ perception of their business as a service to the broader society. There, in 1919 Ford was faced with a lawsuit, as a result of which it agreed to grant Dodge brothers their request to receive maximum dividends . The respective court decision was an indirect ridicule of Henry

Central Government and Local Strategies for Tackling Dementia

Question: Examine the central government and local strategies for tackling Dementia in Hampshire. Answer: Introduction Alzheimer's disease is a general source of dementia, which affects human brain and further causes memory loss, difficulty in problem-solving ability and thinking. During this disease, brain contain high rate of protein and form structures named 'plaques' and 'tangles', which create barriers in the connection of brain with nerve cells (Alzheimer's Society, 2016). This disease is mostly noticeable among older people with certain symptoms. In order to evaluate the situation the research will concentrate on Hampshire a county in UK (BBC, 2009). As the disease generates from family members and relatives among others, therefore preventing the disease has become further important practice for the UK government. Hence, these practices and further implemented policies need to be evaluated (Dementia Action Alliance, 2016). In this context, the research proposal will determine the appropriate research methodology based on which further analysis will be conducted. The objectives and ethical issu es that might occur while conducting the research will be further explained in the proposal. Background and Rationale for the Study Kayed, Jackson, Estes Barrett (2011) has defined Alzheimer's disease as the most general neurodegenerative disorder of dementia. Additionally, Alzheimer's disease has two different principles, which include generating A peptide and tau protein from Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP), and Neurofibrillary Tangles (NFT) respectively. An abnormal increase of tau protein causes neurodegenerative diseases, which distract the communication of nerve cells (Kayed, Jackson, Estes Barrett, 2011). According to Alzheimer's Society (2016), the symptoms of the disease vary based on individuals. Not every patient with the disease will experience similar symptoms, however, in most cases the basic symptom is memory lapse. The patient might face huge difficulties to remember any events or implement decision on any other action (Saharan Mandal, 2013). Alzheimer's disease do not only affects to a person, it further affect their families (Seneff, Wainwright Mascitelli, 2011). The increasing rate of the d isease has become huge concern for government. Alzheimer's disease further makes people confused about their action (Seneff, Wainwright Mascitelli, 2011). Although Alzheimer's disease has affected in the worldwide context, however the U.K. has been evident to be affected more seriously. As the brain affected in the first stage, therefore these symptoms are noticeable in the patients (Seneff, Wainwright Mascitelli, 2011). Less ability in visuospatial skills, orientations, difficulty in concentrating or organizing are the other symptoms of Alzheimer's disease those are noticeable after certain period. With time, these symptoms become more severe, as the disease started to progress (Seneff, Wainwright Mascitelli, 2011). Neurodegenerative disorders generally regarded as conformational diseases. In the report presented by Alzheimer's Association (2016), it has been mentioned that according to the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), general diagnostic criteria is NINCDS/ADRDA. However, McKhann, Knopman, Chertkow, Hyman, Jack, Kawas, Klunk, Koroshetz, Manly, Mayeux, Mohs, Morris, Rossor, Scheltens, Carillo, Thies, Weintraub, Phelps (2011) have argued that in the current scenario this diagnosis might not meet every criteria of Alzheimer's disease, therefore re-evaluation of patients is recommended. Additionally, it can further established by neuropsychological tests and clinical examinations (McKhann, Knopman, Chertkow, Hyman, Jack, Kawas, Klunk, Koroshetz, Manly, Mayeux, Mohs, Morris, Rossor, Scheltens, Carillo, Thies, Weintraub, Phelps, 2011). The disease is treatable by medication as well as without drugs by providing care to the patients, although certain drugs are for preventin g other symptoms temporarily. However, a patient of mild stage often prescribed with drugs such as galantamine, donepezil, or rivastigmine (McKhann, Knopman, Chertkow, Hyman, Jack, Kawas, Klunk, Koroshetz, Manly, Mayeux, Mohs, Morris, Rossor, Scheltens, Carillo, Thies, Weintraub, Phelps, 2011). On the other hand, the NHS Constitution (2016) has provided certain probable ways through which Alzheimer's disease expected to prevent, as the accurate cause of the disease is yet uncertain. By staying mentally active, routine health tests and reducing smoking or alcohol, people can prevent the disease (Hassan, Toumpas Montero, 2013). Since the late 1970, the disease has dramatically increased and if the rate of increase continues then by the year 2050, it will exceed around 100 million in the global context (Korolev, 2014). Sorensen (2009) has mentioned in this context, that approximately 18% of neuroscientists in worldwide have conducted research of Alzheimer's disease. Hampshire has been the top most regions suffering from Alzheimer's disease with around 22,000 people above 60 years (Sorensen, 2009). According to the Community Mental Health Profiles (CMHP), dementia has mostly evident in older people, where Hampshire includes 0.65% of people in the worldwide context (Figure 1) (BBC, 2009). The survey conducted by BBC (2009) has revealed that currently people above 60 years in around 0.6 to 0.8 million in the UK are suffering with dementia, which can further reach to 1.7 million by the year 2050. Figure 1: Increase of Alzheimers, by Age and Years Source: (BBC, 2009) One of the reasons for higher range of Alzheimers patients in Hampshire is the huge number of older population. Additionally, in this rate, almost 60-80% patients are suffering for Alzheimer's disease in the region (BBC, 2009). Thus, it has become more interesting field to research, and Sorensen (2009) suggested that around 135,000 research papers has been published within the period of 1997-2007. In these research studies, scientists have clearly mentioned the importance of further research on neurodegenerative disorders (Sorensen, 2009). Alzheimer's disease on the other hand is highly coordinated with the variation of social and economic aspects in several nations. Therefore, further development of therapies to modify this disease is an urgent requirement of research (Cao, Loewenstein, Lin, Zhang, Wang, Duara, Wu, Giannini, Bai, Cai, Greig, Schofield, Ashok, Small, Potter Arendash, 2012). Furthermore, the disease mostly evident among women with high age as mentioned in the followi ng chart (Figure 2). Several studies have further ascertained that the increasing evidences of the disease has reduced in the past two decades due to high awareness and control on risk factors regarding cardiovascular (Alzheimer's Association, 2015). Figure 2: Estimated Lifetime Risk for Alzheimers, by Age and Sex Source: (Alzheimer's Association, 2015) The Hampshire government has introduced Dementia Challenge in the year of 2012, which aimed to develop the care groups and research by 2015. The government has further committed to create dementia friendly communities across the county (Dementia Action Alliance, 2016). The dementia patients can openly live and further participate in community, where on the other hand they will have adequate support and care. This practice was first implemented in Hampshire, as it includes most of patient with Alzheimer's disease (Dementia Action Alliance, 2016). The Dementia Friendly Hampshire Project (DFHP) initiated in 2013 and Hampshire County Council has further been recruiting diverse employees in Hampshire Dementia Action Alliance (HDAA) (Dementia Action Alliance, 2016). There are around 14 firms those providing services to the patients who are suffering from this disease (Dementia Action Alliance, 2016). Furthermore, the Bureau of Elderly and Adult Services has implemented several programs tha t concentrate on providing care to adults and children such as National Family Caregiver Support Program among others (Dementia Action Alliance, 2016). On the other hand, Alzheimer's disease is an increasing concern for people and their families because of which care-providers, researchers, family members, and patients face huge ethical issues. It is a lifetime disease, which affect the brain with time and the patients steadily lose their capability to take decisions (Leuzy Gauthier, 2012). The disease is often evident to become genetic and rarely reveal before 65. During the process of diagnosis Alzheimer's, certain drugs are mandatory to provide such as NMDA Receptor Antagonist Memantine and Cholinesterase Inhibitors (CIs), which is although comparatively simple, but has limited accessibility to certain countries (Leuzy Gauthier, 2012). Arguably, Hampshire has developed policies, which indicate that the caregivers will access these drugs for patients. Furthermore, the care providing authorities face issues in managing the patients in the final stage of dementia where they are almost treated as end-stage cancer patients (Leuzy G authier, 2012). In future, more drugs will be introduced to delay the growth prodromal stages to Alzheimer's (Leuzy Gauthier, 2012). Thus, the rationale behind this research is also to determine these ethical issues and further practices that the care providing authorities are implementing to develop diagnosis process. Aims and Objectives The aim of the study is to examine the strategies and policies implemented by the central government to prevent or manage dementia in Hampshire. In order to attain the aim of the study in a systematic and comprehensive manner, some of the objectives have been framed that are depicted hereunder. To examine the causes, symptoms and further commonness of dementia To determine the affects of dementia on elderly and their relatives or families in overall To assess the policies implemented and further practices or programs established by the concerned authority in the local and national level Methodology and Justification Preparing an effective model for research can boost the outcome towards more transparent, which will help to portray an appropriate scenario. The proper use of research instruments is an essential factor in the research methodology (Choy, 2014). In the proposed research, the qualitative method will be utilized to review the literature resources that include different consequences of Alzheimer's disease (Sorensen, 2009). Therefore, to maintain the value and quality of research, it will include the secondary data over primary researches that were conducted by other neuroscientists (Choy, 2014). As the research will be concentrated on revealing the real scenario of the disease and the actions practiced by government, therefore different literatures that include studies conducted by the neuroscientists will prove more effective. To conduct the research, certain literatures will be considered as priority, which include neurodegenerative investigation based literatures, PubMed literatures on neurodegenerative diseases, Neuroscience Journal, and other Alzheimer's disease literatures (Sorensen, 2009). As these literatures are studied and published by authenticated neuroscientists and government authorities, therefore the information will be more valid. In case, any other research data that are not reviewed by government or valid authorities can decrease the usefulness of the research (Choy, 2014). Furthermore, the inclusion criteria of the research include the literatures that are published within 5 years will only be reviewed for this research to provide updated data about the subject. Therefore, on the other hand, exclusion criteria include the literatures before 5 years, which will not be considered as valid data for the research (Choy, 2014). Additionally, the Boolean strategy will be considered as the literature search strategy for attaining credible and relevant litterateurs (Choy, 2014). One of the most important strengths of qualitative research is that the outcome of the research include own perception based on in-depth research of large number of relevant literatures. Therefore, this method can easily help to collect data on dementia or Alzheimer's disease after conducting in-depth investigation on those studies (Choy, 2014). Additionally, through this method, different studies can be compared as different scientists include different dimensions as priority. The area of this research can be considered as another positive factor, as this research will include literatures reviews based on wide range of credible studies (Choy, 2014). In contrast, the qualitative research has further certain limitation, which cannot be overlook while conducting the research. As the research will be conducted based on others literatures therefore exploring every data correctly can be a concern. On the other hand, although the research outcome will be provided on the base of own understanding, but it will evaluate others review on Alzheimer's disease, which might not be similar in every research. In this situation, determining a particular outcome will become difficult (Choy, 2014). Moreover, it lacks the attribute of generalisability, wherein the association between behavioural outcomes and health of different groups of population could have been made. Although, the concerned research will consider secondary sources that were based on primary researchers, but it would not conduct any statistical analysis (Choy, 2014). Furthermore, the keywords that will include in the research are the attributes of Alzheimer's disease such as risk factors, Amyloid -Protein Precursor, tau protein, Dementia, Vascular, Antibodies, peptide, and Syndrome among others (Sorensen, 2009). Based on these attributes, the research will aim to evaluate current scenario of Alzheimer's and further actions practiced by central government or local authorities. Owing to the fact that the research will be conducted in both cases general and in respect of Hampshire, therefore any particular organization will not be included in the study. Ethical and Bias issues The Alzheimer's disease journals that will be reviewed for the research have conducted studies in every possible issues regarding Alzheimer's, based on which the research can provide a successful outcome for the future diagnosis process. In this regard, in the entire dissertation, ethical values in research will be duly upheld, wherein the possibility of data misinterpretation and inappropriate citation will be zeroed (Choy, 2014). Additionally, there will be no attempt for copyright infringement during the secondary data collection process. Moreover, ethical values in the research will be upheld by avoiding the possibility of plagiarism (Choy, 2014). The research process based on the secondary sources will not be exploitive and discriminatory, as it will consider a sufficient number of the relevant and credible to avoid any sort of biasness. Besides, as the concerned issue of this proposed research is highly sensitive, it will be considered that the outcome does not stigmatise any p articular group, especially the elderly people (Choy, 2014). Research Time Table Activities Months Selection of Topic 1st Short Research of the Identified Issue 1st Formulation of Research Question 1st Ascertaining Research Aims and Objectives 1st 2nd Ascertaining appropriate Research Methodology 2nd Writing Proposal 2nd 3rd Review of Literatures 3rd 5th Writing Final Dissertation 4th - 8th Consultation with the Supervisor 1st 9th Necessary Modification 3rd - 9th Final Submission 9th Reflection Prior to completing research proposal, I have studied wide range of Alzheimer's disease literatures to attain the research aims and objectives and further area to focus. Therefore, after completing the research proposal, some of the aspects have worked well, wherein I have successfully enhanced my understanding on preparing proposals for research and the process of conducting research on any topic. Additionally, I have identified my evaluating skills and ability to provide an outcome by reviewing range of literatures has further increased. On the next time, I would rather focus on reviewing more authenticated literatures, as I have developed my knowledge regarding the selection of valid literatures. Moreover, yet, I do not find any requirement of changes in the research process, however, in the future, if situation demands certain changes might be conducted for obtaining better outcome. References Alzheimer's Association, 2015, Alzheimers disease facts and figures, Alzheimers Dementia, pp. 1-83. 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